Eye of Horus
The highly stylized eye of the falcon-headed solar and sky god Horus (the Latin version of Her), which is associated with regeneration, health, and prosperity. It was very common as an amulet in ancient Egypt.
Horus, the son of Osiris and Isis was called 'Horus who rules with two eyes'. His right eye was white and represented the sun; his left eye was black and represented the moon.
According to myth Horus lost his left eye to his evil brother, Seth, whom he fought to avenge Seth's murder of Osiris. Seth tore out the eye but lost the fight. The eye was reassembled by magic by Thoth, the god of' writing, the moon, and magic. Horus presented his eye to Osiris, who experienced rebirth in the underworld.
As an amulet, the Eye of Horus has three versions: a left eye, a right eye, and two eyes. The eye is constructed in fractional parts, with 1/64 missing, a piece Thoth added by magic. The Egyptians used the eye as a funerary amulet for protection against evil and rebirth in the underworld, and decorated mummies, coffins, and tombs with it.
The Book of the Dead instructs that funerary eye amulets be made out of lapis lazuli or a stone called mak. Some were gold-plated. Worn as jewelry fashioned of gold, silver, lapis, wood, porcelain, or carnelian, the eye served to ensure safety, preserve health, and live the wearer wisdom and prosperity.
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Sources: (1) Turner, Patricia and Coulter, Charles R., Dictionary of Ancient Deities, Oxford University Press; (2) Faulkner, Raymond (Translator), The Egyptian Book of the Dead: The Book of Going Forth by Day, Chronicle Books.
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