Murmur
A demon, one of the seventy-two spirits of Solomon and one of the Enochian devils.
In Enochian tradition demonology, Murmur is one of the fallen Troni.
Murmur was said to be one of the three demons that held sway over the dead, Murmur took over the souls, while Bune and Bifrons were in charge of moving the corpses from grave to grave.
Murmur appears in human form as a duke, riding a griffon, and speaks in a harsh grating voice. He is conjured to teach philosophy and is a powerful necromatic spirit, raising from the dead any soul the magician wishes to consult.
In S. L. MacGregor Mathers' the 'Goetia' (1904) Murmur is said to be a Great Duke, and an Earl of Hell:
"The Fifty-fourth Spirit is called Murmur, or Murmus, or Murmux. He is a Great Duke, and an Earl; and appeareth in the Form of a Warrior riding upon a. Gryphon, with a Ducal Crown upon his Head. There do go before him those his Ministers, with great Trumpets sounding. His Office is to teach Philosophy perfectly, and to constrain Souls Deceased to come before the Exorcist to answer those questions which he may wish to put to them, if desired. He was partly of the Order of Thrones, and partly of that of Angels. He now ruleth 30 Legions of Spirits."
In Joannes Wierus' 'Pseudomonarchia Daemonum' (1577) Murmur is also cited:
"Murmur is a great duke and an earle, appearing in the shape of a souldier, riding on a griphen, with a dukes crowne on his head; there go before him two of his ministers, with great trumpets, he teacheth philosophie absolutelie, he constraineth soules to come before the exorcist, to answer what he shall aske them, he was of the order partlie of thrones, and partlie of angels, and ruleth thirtie legions."
Christianity positioned Satan or Beelzebub at the head of the ranks of demons, and Islam designated Iblis or Satan as the leader of a host of evil jinn.
Hinduism has numerous demons, called asuras, who oppose the devas (gods). In Buddhism demons are seen as tempters who prevent the attainment of nirvana.
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Sources: (1) Masello, Robert, Fallen Angels. . . and Spirits of the Dark, The Berkley Publishing Group; (2) The Encyclopaedia Britannica Eleventh Edition Handy Volume Edition, Oxford University Press; (3) Wierus, Joannes, Pseudomonarchia Daemonum, Coleman Rydie Publisher; (4) Mathers, S. L. MacGregor, Goetia, CreateSpace Publishers.
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