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Black Mass
The blasphemous parody of the Christian rite and defilement of holy substances alleged to occur during the witches' Sabbat and other nefarious satanic rituals. The ceremony and its diabolical rituals were supposedly held over the body of a naked woman, preferably her buttocks.
In the 16th and 17th centuries accusations of attendance at such devilish occasions became increasingly common, but the Black Mass is really something that belongs to occult literature rather than to the history of witchcraft. Its most famous graphic description is from the fictional book Justine, by the Marquis de Sade, in which the young virgin, Florette, is made to strip and lie face down upon a big table; the diabolical Mass was then celebrated on her butt.
The anonymous drawing above shows a sabbatic ritual, with mock altar and naked suppliants. Found inside a grimoire used by a coven in the North of England in the 1930s, it was intended as an illustration for Joris-Karl Huysman's classic satanist novel Lα-Bas, published in 1891.
According to the theologians, demonologists and other self-appointed 'experts' on witchcraft, who typically derived their information from witchcraft confessions obtained by torture, the unorthodox ritual involved naked virgins on altars, inverting the cross, spitting and stepping on the cross, stabbing the host, backward blessing, the sacrifice of toads and chickens, the host being desecrated and made of noxious substances, the sprinkling of the congregation with urine instead of Holy water and other such practices. It was also claimed that at the moment of consecration of the host, an infants throat was cut, the blood was poured into the chalice, and prayers were offered to the demons Asmodeus and Ashtaroth.
The term Black Mass was first used in English in 1896 to describe ceremonies practiced as part of Black Magic. There is little evidence of the Mass having been performed by witches, although it is known to have been practiced in modern times by some Satanists.
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